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Public Safety Shuffle

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GovTech Magazine says yesterday the FCC adopted an Eighth Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (pdf) that seeks comment on whether certain channels within the 24 MHz of spectrum in the 700 MHz band allocated for public safety use should be modified to accommodate broadband communications.

A firm date, Feb. 17, 2009, has been established to clear the 700 MHz spectrum of television broadcasters. They got new (free) channels for DTV, freeing up the band for both commercial carriers and public service uses.

Under a band plan adopted by the FCC in 1998, the 700 MHz public safety spectrum (764-776 MHz and 794-806 MHz) is divided in half between narrowband channels, which allow voice and low-speed data services, and wideband channels, which allow high-speed data and slow scan video services.

Within the 12 MHz of paired wideband spectrum, 4.8 MHz is currently designated for general use and 1.8 MHz for interoperability, and the remaining 5.4 MHz is held in reserve for future public safety needs. Under the current rules, the individual channels within the general use and interoperability wideband segments have a bandwidth of 50 kHz, and licensees can aggregate three 50 kHz channels up to 150 kHz.

In the December 2005, Intelligence Reform Act Report to Congress on public safety spectrum needs, the FCC recognized that it should expeditiously examine whether the 700 MHz public safety band plan could be modified to accommodate broadband. The Notice seeks comment on three specific proposals to modify the 700 MHz band plan submitted by the National Public Safety Telecommunications Council; Motorola and Lucent.
All three plans propose combining the general use, interoperability, and reserve wideband segments in order to permit broadband communications. The proposals also support the creation of guard bands to protect narrowband voice operations. The Notice also invites additional proposals and seeks comment on the FCC’s tentative conclusion not to alter the narrowband portions of the 700 MHz public safety band.
In the Seventh Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in this proceeding, the FCC sought comment on a variety of technical and operational rules for the 700 MHz public safety spectrum, including a proposal by the Public Safety National Coordination Committee to adopt a wideband data interoperability standard, the Scalable Adaptive Modulation, commonly known as “SAM”, and to require that all wideband radios be capable of supporting the SAM standard.
Today’s Notice asks commenters to provide additional input and update the record regarding wideband interoperability and the SAM standard in light of proposals to accommodate broadband communications.

700 MHz Public Service Band Allotments

Designated Purpose	Amount of Spectrum	Narrowband (6.25 kHZ)	WideBand (50kHZ)
General Use	12.5 MHz (52.1%)	7.7 MHz (1232 Channels)	4.8 MHz (96 Channels)
Interoperability	2.6 MHz (10.8%)	0.8 MHz (128 Channels)	1.8 MHz (36 Channels)
Secondary Trunking	0.2 MHz (0.8%)	0.2 MHz (32 Channels)	-0-
State License	2.4 MHz (10.0%)	2.4 MHz (384 Channels)	-0-
Low Power	0.3 MHz (1.3%)	0.3 MHz (48 Channels)	-0-
Reserve	6.0 MHz (25.0%)	0.6 MHz (96 Channels)	5.4 MHz (108 Channels)

Many police officers are now equipped with Nextel cellphones as well as police radios. That gives them interoperability. Project 25 two-way radios ($2500) are designed for interoperability from the get-go - at least on a few dozen selected narrow band channels. The 800 Mhz band also has some selected mutual aid channels so different agencies can talk to each other.

The SafetyNet RadioBridge is one method to interconnect incompatible radios. It bridges them to provide radio interoperability at an emergency site in a matter of minutes. Raytheon’s ACU-1000 can interconnect up to 24 radio devices in the field - for a cool $20K.

The FCC has designated approximately 10 percent (2.6 MHz) for nationwide interoperable communications out of their designated 24 Mhz of 700 MHz public safety spectrum. But most of the 24 MHz of public servce 700 Mhz band is for narrow band voice and data. The benefits of Mobile WiMax are now penetrating up to the feds (after years of discusions). Mobile WiMax is fast and interoperable by definition. Voice and data.

There are five primary bands that make up the Public Safety Radio Pool:

Low-Band VHF 30 MHz to 50 MHz

Mid-Band VHF 72 MHz to 76 MHz

High-Band VHF 138 MHz to 144 MHz

148 MHz to 174 MHz

220 MHz to 222 MHz

Low-Band UHF 406.1 MHz to 420 MHz

450 MHz to 470 MHz

470 MHz to 512 MHz

800 MHz Band 806 MHz to 824 MHz

851 MHz to 869 MHz

The $10 billion Integrated Wireless Network (IWN), a joint effort between the departments of Justice, Homeland Security and Treasury, is envisioned to support about 80,000 federal officers in all 50 states via Project 25 radios.

The current IWN design is based on a [VHF], Project 25 trunked system utilizing a packet switched Internet Protocol backbone. It will link agencies via Voice over Internet Protocol and streaming video. Based on the government’s preliminary estimates, the program will require installation of communications equipment at about 2,500 locations around the country.But Project 25 radios are expensive ($2500 - $5000), and don’t provide the flexibility of, say, a WiFi/WiMAX PocketPC or UltraPortable PC. P-25 radios may be good for lots of things but not for maps, photos, video conferencing or thousands of PocketPC or desktop applications.

Mobile WiMAX devices will provide ten times the speed at one tenth the cost with interoperability. What’s to invent? Broadband tracking videophones might be go indoors and out with 700 Mhz and MIMO. Poor Motorola and Lockheed.

The 800 MHz rebanding program was made necessary by Nextel interference with police radios. Under the Consensus Plan between Nextel and the FCC, public service agencies were given 700 and 800 Mhz frequencies currently operated by Nextel that were causing interference. Nextel consolidated 800 Mhz operations on one band and got a new 10 Mhz allotment at 1.9GHz (the PCS band).

Now another shift may be underway. The Sprint/Nextel merger means an eventual disappearance of Nextel’s iDEN network. Nextel subscribers may migrate to Sprint’s CDMA network (with push to talk).

Nextel CEO Tim Donahue said the iDEN network could be part of the “public-safety network of the future” after it offloads its consumer traffic to Sprint’s CDMA network. Nextel might dump the entire 800 Mhz iDen system and give to the feds.

In exchange, Nextel might acquire spectrum in the 700 Mhz band. Channel “C” has 2 X 5 Mhz available nationwide while Channel “D” has 2 x 10Mhz. Verizon and Cingular could go with Charles Townsend’s 700 Mhz spectrum or buy their own slot on a remaining 6 MHz channel. Such a plan would be politically and logistically tricky and expensive, of course. In addition, the benefits of moving to advanced technology like Mobile WiMAX or Flarion’s Flexband in the 700 Mhz band are largely unknown and unproven.

The Wireless Innovation Act of 2006 (WINN Act) aims to facilitate wireless broadband by allocating “white spaces” that are unassigned or unused in the UHF band. It would not utilize the licensed 700 MHz frequencies dedicated to public service or commercial users.

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Posted by Sam Churchill on Tuesday, March 21st, 2006 at 3:10 am.

Public Safety Shuffle

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Low-Band VHF	30 MHz to 50 MHz
Mid-Band VHF	72 MHz to 76 MHz
High-Band VHF	138 MHz to 144 MHz
	148 MHz to 174 MHz
	220 MHz to 222 MHz
Low-Band UHF	406.1 MHz to 420 MHz
	450 MHz to 470 MHz
	470 MHz to 512 MHz
800 MHz Band	806 MHz to 824 MHz
	851 MHz to 869 MHz